Bucge as a young woman, around 655 AD

Image by Mike Jupp

Bucge

c 635-700 AD

Saxon founder of Bucgan'ora c 680 AD

The original Bognorian


A message from Bucge

Bucge, around 680 AD

Image by the real John Parsons

in Auld Englisċ

"Gæð a Bucge wyrd swa hio scel"

Gēaþfæstness to þām godum folce of Bognor.

Ic ferde to þæm landum ofer sǣ, to setlian on niwum lande æfter mæst Þritteon wintrum.

“Greetings to the good people of Bognor.

My name is Bucge.

I am the guardian of my people and keeper of the book of noble earthly truths.

My kindred have honoured me with the title of the majestic bēce or bōc, the Queen of the Woods, which is revered and greatly sustains us.  You will know this as the beech tree, which gives us shelter and firewood by its branches, feeds us and our livestock by its mast and the means to record our customs by its bark.

More than 1,300 winters have passed since we travelled from across the sea and made this place our home.

My traditions and customs may seem strangely familiar to you, if made clear in translation, but I offer them to you with good grace for your own good fortune”.

 

  • “Be secure in your hearts and protect each other.
  • Take good care of your health and use your fitness of mind to make good choices.
  • Listen carefully to the stories of your kinfolk for they will help with your understanding.
  • Learn from each other and build great agility and resilience together.
  • Stand before each other and swear allegiance to your shared enrichment.
  • I wish you well in your pursuance of truth, happiness and long life and thank you for taking care of this place we call home”.

 

Produced by Gemini on 3 May 2025

About Bucge

 

Bucge was the name of the female Saxon leader of the first recorded settlement on the south coast of Britain between Pagham to the west and Felpham to the east, as part of the emerging realm of Sussex.

 

The settlement was established as a fishing and farming community around 680 BCS 10th and was known as Bucgan ora which means Bucge’s shore, bank or landing place.

The earliest land deeds were recorded in the bōcland, the Saxon charter of land tenure.  Unchartered lands were known as folcland, or the commoner’s land, known as commons.

 

The first recorded history was in the Domesday Book of 1086 which referred to the land of Sūþsexe, meaning South Saxons.  In the 7th century it was part of the Saxon Heptarchy of 7 emerging Kingdoms, covering what we know today as England.

 

Back to Bucge - the name derives from the Saxon name for the beech tree “bēce“ or "bōc" (referring to beech bark) which would have been prevalent across Northern Europe in the 6th and 7th centuries.

 

The bōc was revered by Saxon cultures as the Queen of the Woods, because of its great value to their communities.  It provided shelter, wood, birch bark, mast (beech nuts) and more.  For centuries the northern european cultures traditionally used birch bark to write their records on.  The bōc is the root of the modern term ‘book’.

 

As the respected community guardian, Bucge would most likely have been named for her ability to protect and sustain her community and maybe even to write words about their culture, customs and traditions in a village bōc.

Life in Saxon Bucgan'ora

 

Life in an Anglo-Saxon fishing village would have been deeply intertwined with the rhythms of the sea and the changing seasons. Here's a glimpse into what your daily life might have been like:

Your Home and Village:

  • Simple Dwelling: You would likely live in a small, one-roomed hut constructed from wattle and daub (woven sticks plastered with mud) with a thatched roof. The floor would be packed earth, and a central hearth would provide warmth, light, and a place to cook.
  • Close Community: The village would be small, likely consisting of a few families living in close proximity. Everyone would contribute to the community's well-being.
  • Coastal Location: Your village would be situated close to the sea or a river estuary, providing access to fish and potentially a means of transport.

Your Daily Work:

  • Fishing: As a member of a fishing village, your primary occupation would revolve around the sea. This might involve:
    • Net Fishing: Using hand-knitted nets to catch various types of fish.
    • Line Fishing: Employing lines with hooks baited to lure fish.
    • Trapping: Building and maintaining fish weirs – V-shaped structures of wattle or timber in shallow coastal areas to trap fish as the tide receded.
    • Shellfishing: Gathering shellfish like clams, mussels, and oysters from the coast.
  • Boat Handling: You would likely be skilled in handling small wooden boats, essential for fishing and potentially for trading or travel along the coast or rivers.
  • Fish Processing: Once caught, the fish would need to be processed. This could involve gutting, cleaning, and preserving them through salting, drying, or smoking over the hearth fire to ensure a food supply, especially during leaner times.
  • Other Tasks: While fishing would be central, you would also participate in other essential village activities:
    • Gathering: Collecting firewood, berries, and other resources from the surrounding land.
    • Small-scale Farming: You might have a small plot of land to cultivate basic crops like wheat, barley, or vegetables to supplement your diet.
    • Animal Husbandry: Some villagers might tend to pigs, sheep, or cattle.
    • Crafts: Depending on your skills, you might be involved in making or repairing fishing nets, tools, or household items. Women would often be involved in spinning wool and weaving cloth.

Your Diet:

  • Seafood: Fish would be a staple of your diet, including whatever could be caught locally (herring, cod, eels, etc.). Shellfish would also be a significant food source.
  • Simple Fare: Your diet would be relatively simple, consisting of bread made from coarse grains, vegetables (like parsnips, carrots, and onions), and occasionally meat (likely pork or game if available).
  • Ale: Beer made from barley would be a common drink, as water sources could be unreliable.

Your Community and Culture:

  • Strong Ties: Life in a small village would foster strong community bonds. Everyone would know each other and rely on each other for support.
  • Oral Tradition: Stories, traditions, and knowledge would be passed down through word of mouth.
  • Pagan Beliefs: In the earlier Anglo-Saxon period, you would likely follow pagan beliefs, worshipping various gods and spirits, and participating in rituals and seasonal celebrations. Later, Christianity would gradually spread, influencing your beliefs and practices.
  • Defense: Living near the coast could also mean the occasional threat of raids, so the community might have some basic defenses or a system for raising alarm.

Challenges:

  • Harsh Weather: Life at sea and on the coast would expose you to the elements, with storms and cold weather making fishing dangerous and daily life challenging.
  • Food Security: Fishing yields could fluctuate, and poor harvests could lead to food shortages.
  • Limited Resources: Resources would be limited, and daily life would involve a lot of hard physical labor.
  • Health: Illness and injury would be common, with limited medical knowledge.

In essence, your life in an Anglo-Saxon fishing village would be one of hard work, close community ties, and a deep connection to the sea. The daily rhythms of fishing and the changing seasons would dictate much of your existence.

 

Produced by Gemini on 15 May 2025

The Majestic Beech "Queen of the Woods"

The beech tree carries symbolic weight in relation to both trust and learning in various cultures and historical contexts. Here's how:   

Trust:

  • Shelter and Nourishment: Historically, the beech tree has been seen as a generous provider. Its broad canopy offers shelter, and its beechnuts were a vital food source for both humans and animals. This nurturing aspect contributed to its symbolism of protection, generosity, and dependability, fostering a sense of trust.   

  • Stability and Longevity: Beech trees can live for several centuries, growing to impressive sizes. This enduring nature symbolizes stability, resilience, and steadfastness, qualities often associated with trust. In some folklore, seeking shelter under a beech tree was believed to ensure safety for travellers.   

  • "Mother of the Woods": In some traditions, particularly Celtic mythology, the beech is referred to as the "Queen" or "Mother of the Woods," often paired with the "King" Oak. This maternal figure embodies nurturing and protective qualities, further linking it to the idea of trust.   

Learning:

  • Early Writing Material: Perhaps the strongest link to learning comes from the historical use of beech wood. Before the widespread use of paper, thin, smooth tablets of beech wood were used for writing. This direct connection makes the beech a symbol of written knowledge, literacy, and the preservation of information.   

  • Etymological Connection to "Book": Interestingly, in several Germanic languages, including Old English ("boc"), German ("Buche" - beech, "Buch" - book), and Swedish ("bok" - both beech and book), the word for "beech" is the same or very similar to the word for "book." This linguistic link reinforces the beech tree's association with learning, wisdom, and the transmission of knowledge.   

  • Inspiration for Sacred Spaces: The tall, smooth trunks and overarching canopy of beech forests have been said to have inspired the architecture of cathedrals, evoking a sense of awe and reverence often associated with places of learning and spiritual wisdom.   

  • Meditation and Ancestral Wisdom: Some beliefs suggest that meditating under a beech tree can help connect with ancestors and access their knowledge and wisdom passed down through time.   

In summary, the beech tree's symbolism beautifully intertwines the concepts of trust and learning. Its physical attributes of strength and provision, coupled with its historical connection to writing and the very word for "book," make it a potent symbol of reliability, wisdom, and the enduring power of knowledge. 

 

 Produced by Gemini on 15 May 2025

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